ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the drug interactions between aripiprazole and haloperidol, authors investigated plasma concentrations of those drugs by genotypes. METHOD: Fifty six patients with a confirmed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition diagnosis of schizophrenia were enrolled in this eight-week, double blind, placebo-controlled study. Twenty-eight patients received adjunctive aripiprazole treatment and twenty-eight patients received placebo while being maintained on haloperidol treatment. Aripiprazole was dosed at 15 mg/day for the first 4 weeks, and then 30 mg for the next 4 weeks. The haloperidol dose remained fixed throughout the study. Plasma concentrations of haloperidol and aripiprazole were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) at baseline, week 1, 2, 4 and 8. *1, *5, and *10 B alleles of CYP2D6 and *1 and *3 alleles of CYP3A5 were determined. The Student's T-test, Pearson's Chi-square test, Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and Logistic Regression analysis were used for data analysis. All tests were two-tailed and significance was defined as an alpha < 0.05. RESULTS: In the frequency of CYP2D6 genotype, *1/*10 B type was most frequent (36.5%) and *1/*1 (30.8%), *10B/*10B (17.3%) types followed. In the frequency of CYP3A5 genotype, *3/*3 type was found in 63.5% of subjects, and *1/*3 type and *1/*1 were 30.8% and 5.8% respectively. The plasma levels of haloperidol and its metabolites did not demonstrate significant time effects and time-group interactions after adjunctive treatment of aripiprazole. The genotypes of CYP2D6 and 3A5 did not affect the plasma concentration of haloperidol in this trial. No serious adverse event was found after adding aripiprazole to haloperidol. CONCLUSION: No significant drug interaction was found between haloperidol and aripiprazole. Genotypes of CYP2D6 and 3A5 did not affect the concentration of haloperidol after adding aripiprazole.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alleles , Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Aripiprazole , Drug Interactions , Genotype , Haloperidol , Logistic Models , Mass Spectrometry , Piperazines , Plasma , Quinolones , Schizophrenia , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
An outbreak of acute febrile reaction which developed after the administration of teicoplanin was identified in seven patients. Fever, with hypotension in some, developed during or soon after infusion and persisted for several hours. Laboratory abnormalities including leukocytosis and elevation of liver enzymes and creatine phosphokinase in serum were observed for two or three days. Contamination of the drug with endotoxins was identified.
Subject(s)
Humans , Creatine Kinase , Drug Contamination , Endotoxins , Fever , Hypotension , Leukocytosis , Liver , TeicoplaninABSTRACT
An outbreak of acute febrile reaction which developed after the administration of teicoplanin was identified in seven patients. Fever, with hypotension in some, developed during or soon after infusion and persisted for several hours. Laboratory abnormalities including leukocytosis and elevation of liver enzymes and creatine phosphokinase in serum were observed for two or three days. Contamination of the drug with endotoxins was identified.
Subject(s)
Humans , Creatine Kinase , Drug Contamination , Endotoxins , Fever , Hypotension , Leukocytosis , Liver , TeicoplaninABSTRACT
Abdominal pregnancy is a very rare case consisting 1% of ectopic pregnancy and occurring once in 372-9714 of normal pregnancies. However, the possibility of massive bleeding which is a main cause of maternal death can lead to the death rate of 5.1 in every 1000 cases and is certainly a difficult subject in proceeding laparoscopic procedures. Here we are reporting with a brief review, an experienced case where an abdominal pregnancy is successfully treated with laparoscopy without massive bleeding or any other complications.